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# sqlglot.dialects.hive

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      1from __future__ import annotations
      2
      3import typing as t
      4
      5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
      6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
      7    Dialect,
      8    approx_count_distinct_sql,
      9    create_with_partitions_sql,
     10    format_time_lambda,
     11    if_sql,
     12    left_to_substring_sql,
     13    locate_to_strposition,
     14    max_or_greatest,
     15    min_or_least,
     16    no_ilike_sql,
     17    no_recursive_cte_sql,
     18    no_safe_divide_sql,
     19    no_trycast_sql,
     20    rename_func,
     21    right_to_substring_sql,
     22    strposition_to_locate_sql,
     23    struct_extract_sql,
     24    timestrtotime_sql,
     25    var_map_sql,
     26)
     27from sqlglot.helper import seq_get
     28from sqlglot.parser import parse_var_map
     29from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
     30
     31# (FuncType, Multiplier)
     32DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {
     33    "YEAR": ("ADD_MONTHS", 12),
     34    "MONTH": ("ADD_MONTHS", 1),
     35    "QUARTER": ("ADD_MONTHS", 3),
     36    "WEEK": ("DATE_ADD", 7),
     37    "DAY": ("DATE_ADD", 1),
     38}
     39
     40TIME_DIFF_FACTOR = {
     41    "MILLISECOND": " * 1000",
     42    "SECOND": "",
     43    "MINUTE": " / 60",
     44    "HOUR": " / 3600",
     45}
     46
     47DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH = ("YEAR", "QUARTER", "MONTH")
     48
     49
     50def _add_date_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.DateAdd | exp.DateSub) -> str:
     51    unit = expression.text("unit").upper()
     52    func, multiplier = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get(unit, ("DATE_ADD", 1))
     53
     54    if isinstance(expression, exp.DateSub):
     55        multiplier *= -1
     56
     57    if expression.expression.is_number:
     58        modified_increment = exp.Literal.number(int(expression.text("expression")) * multiplier)
     59    else:
     60        modified_increment = expression.expression
     61        if multiplier != 1:
     62            modified_increment = exp.Mul(  # type: ignore
     63                this=modified_increment, expression=exp.Literal.number(multiplier)
     64            )
     65
     66    return self.func(func, expression.this, modified_increment)
     67
     68
     69def _date_diff_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.DateDiff) -> str:
     70    unit = expression.text("unit").upper()
     71
     72    factor = TIME_DIFF_FACTOR.get(unit)
     73    if factor is not None:
     74        left = self.sql(expression, "this")
     75        right = self.sql(expression, "expression")
     76        sec_diff = f"UNIX_TIMESTAMP({left}) - UNIX_TIMESTAMP({right})"
     77        return f"({sec_diff}){factor}" if factor else sec_diff
     78
     79    sql_func = "MONTHS_BETWEEN" if unit in DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH else "DATEDIFF"
     80    _, multiplier = DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL.get(unit, ("", 1))
     81    multiplier_sql = f" / {multiplier}" if multiplier > 1 else ""
     82    diff_sql = f"{sql_func}({self.format_args(expression.this, expression.expression)})"
     83
     84    return f"{diff_sql}{multiplier_sql}"
     85
     86
     87def _json_format_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.JSONFormat) -> str:
     88    this = expression.this
     89    if isinstance(this, exp.Cast) and this.is_type("json") and this.this.is_string:
     90        # Since FROM_JSON requires a nested type, we always wrap the json string with
     91        # an array to ensure that "naked" strings like "'a'" will be handled correctly
     92        wrapped_json = exp.Literal.string(f"[{this.this.name}]")
     93
     94        from_json = self.func("FROM_JSON", wrapped_json, self.func("SCHEMA_OF_JSON", wrapped_json))
     95        to_json = self.func("TO_JSON", from_json)
     96
     97        # This strips the [, ] delimiters of the dummy array printed by TO_JSON
     98        return self.func("REGEXP_EXTRACT", to_json, "'^.(.*).$'", "1")
     99
    100    return self.func("TO_JSON", this, expression.args.get("options"))
    101
    102
    103def _array_sort_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.ArraySort) -> str:
    104    if expression.expression:
    105        self.unsupported("Hive SORT_ARRAY does not support a comparator")
    106    return f"SORT_ARRAY({self.sql(expression, 'this')})"
    107
    108
    109def _property_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.Property) -> str:
    110    return f"'{expression.name}'={self.sql(expression, 'value')}"
    111
    112
    113def _str_to_unix_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
    114    return self.func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, _time_format(self, expression))
    115
    116
    117def _str_to_date_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate) -> str:
    118    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    119    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    120    if time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    121        this = f"FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP({this}, {time_format}))"
    122    return f"CAST({this} AS DATE)"
    123
    124
    125def _str_to_time_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.StrToTime) -> str:
    126    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    127    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    128    if time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    129        this = f"FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP({this}, {time_format}))"
    130    return f"CAST({this} AS TIMESTAMP)"
    131
    132
    133def _time_format(
    134    self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToStr | exp.StrToUnix
    135) -> t.Optional[str]:
    136    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    137    if time_format == Hive.TIME_FORMAT:
    138        return None
    139    return time_format
    140
    141
    142def _time_to_str(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    143    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    144    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    145    return f"DATE_FORMAT({this}, {time_format})"
    146
    147
    148def _to_date_sql(self: generator.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
    149    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
    150    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
    151    if time_format and time_format not in (Hive.TIME_FORMAT, Hive.DATE_FORMAT):
    152        return f"TO_DATE({this}, {time_format})"
    153    return f"TO_DATE({this})"
    154
    155
    156class Hive(Dialect):
    157    ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
    158    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
    159
    160    # https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-identifier.html#description
    161    RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE = None
    162
    163    TIME_MAPPING = {
    164        "y": "%Y",
    165        "Y": "%Y",
    166        "YYYY": "%Y",
    167        "yyyy": "%Y",
    168        "YY": "%y",
    169        "yy": "%y",
    170        "MMMM": "%B",
    171        "MMM": "%b",
    172        "MM": "%m",
    173        "M": "%-m",
    174        "dd": "%d",
    175        "d": "%-d",
    176        "HH": "%H",
    177        "H": "%-H",
    178        "hh": "%I",
    179        "h": "%-I",
    180        "mm": "%M",
    181        "m": "%-M",
    182        "ss": "%S",
    183        "s": "%-S",
    184        "SSSSSS": "%f",
    185        "a": "%p",
    186        "DD": "%j",
    187        "D": "%-j",
    188        "E": "%a",
    189        "EE": "%a",
    190        "EEE": "%a",
    191        "EEEE": "%A",
    192    }
    193
    194    DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
    195    DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
    196    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
    197
    198    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    199        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    200        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    201        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    202        ENCODE = "utf-8"
    203
    204        KEYWORDS = {
    205            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    206            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    207            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    208            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    209            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    210            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    211            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    212            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    213            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    214        }
    215
    216        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    217            "L": "BIGINT",
    218            "S": "SMALLINT",
    219            "Y": "TINYINT",
    220            "D": "DOUBLE",
    221            "F": "FLOAT",
    222            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    223        }
    224
    225    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    226        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    227        STRICT_CAST = False
    228
    229        FUNCTIONS = {
    230            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    231            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    232            "COLLECT_LIST": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
    233            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    234                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    235            ),
    236            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    237                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    238                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    239            ),
    240            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    241                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    242                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    243                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    244            ),
    245            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    246                [
    247                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    248                    seq_get(args, 1),
    249                ]
    250            ),
    251            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    252            "FROM_UNIXTIME": format_time_lambda(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    253            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": exp.JSONExtractScalar.from_arg_list,
    254            "LOCATE": locate_to_strposition,
    255            "MAP": parse_var_map,
    256            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    257            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    258            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    259            "COLLECT_SET": exp.SetAgg.from_arg_list,
    260            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    261            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    262            "TO_DATE": format_time_lambda(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "hive"),
    263            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    264            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    265            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True),
    266            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    267        }
    268
    269        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    270            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    271            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    272                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    273            ),
    274        }
    275
    276        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
    277            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
    278            "cluster": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Cluster, TokenType.CLUSTER_BY),
    279            "distribute": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Distribute, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY),
    280            "sort": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Sort, TokenType.SORT_BY),
    281        }
    282
    283        def _parse_types(
    284            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False
    285        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    286            """
    287            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    288            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    289
    290                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    291                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    292                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    293                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    294                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    295
    296                1234
    297                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    298
    299            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    300            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    301
    302            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    303            """
    304            this = super()._parse_types(check_func=check_func, schema=schema)
    305
    306            if this and not schema:
    307                return this.transform(
    308                    lambda node: node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    309                    if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    310                    else node,
    311                    copy=False,
    312                )
    313
    314            return this
    315
    316    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    317        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    318        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    319        TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    320        JOIN_HINTS = False
    321        TABLE_HINTS = False
    322        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    323
    324        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    325            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    326            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    327            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    328            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    329            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    330            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    331        }
    332
    333        TRANSFORMS = {
    334            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    335            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    336            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    337                [
    338                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    339                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    340                    transforms.unnest_to_explode,
    341                ]
    342            ),
    343            exp.Property: _property_sql,
    344            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    345            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    346            exp.ArrayJoin: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    347            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("SIZE"),
    348            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    349            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    350            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    351            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    352            exp.DateStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    353            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    354            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    355            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    356            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    357            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    358            exp.If: if_sql,
    359            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    360            exp.JSONExtract: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    361            exp.JSONExtractScalar: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    362            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    363            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    364            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    365            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    366            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    367            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    368            exp.Create: create_with_partitions_sql,
    369            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    370            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    371            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    372            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    373            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    374            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    375            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    376            exp.SetAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    377            exp.Split: lambda self, e: f"SPLIT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, CONCAT('\\\\Q', {self.sql(e, 'expression')}))",
    378            exp.StrPosition: strposition_to_locate_sql,
    379            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    380            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    381            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    382            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    383            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    384            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    385            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    386            exp.TimeToStr: _time_to_str,
    387            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    388            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    389            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    390            exp.TsOrDsAdd: lambda self, e: f"DATE_ADD({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    391            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    392            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    393            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    394                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, _time_format(self, e)
    395            ),
    396            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    397            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    398            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    399            exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty: lambda self, e: f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    400            exp.SerdeProperties: lambda self, e: self.properties(e, prefix="WITH SERDEPROPERTIES"),
    401            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    402            exp.LastDateOfMonth: rename_func("LAST_DAY"),
    403            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    404        }
    405
    406        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    407            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    408            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    409            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    410            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    411        }
    412
    413        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    414            return self.func(
    415                "COLLECT_LIST",
    416                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    417            )
    418
    419        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    420            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("TBLPROPERTIES"))
    421
    422        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    423            if (
    424                expression.this in (exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR, exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
    425                and not expression.expressions
    426            ):
    427                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    428            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    429                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    430
    431            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    432
    433        def after_having_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]:
    434            return super().after_having_modifiers(expression) + [
    435                self.sql(expression, "distribute"),
    436                self.sql(expression, "sort"),
    437                self.sql(expression, "cluster"),
    438            ]

DATE_DELTA_INTERVAL = {'YEAR': ('ADD_MONTHS', 12), 'MONTH': ('ADD_MONTHS', 1), 'QUARTER': ('ADD_MONTHS', 3), 'WEEK': ('DATE_ADD', 7), 'DAY': ('DATE_ADD', 1)}
TIME_DIFF_FACTOR = {'MILLISECOND': ' * 1000', 'SECOND': '', 'MINUTE': ' / 60', 'HOUR': ' / 3600'}
DIFF_MONTH_SWITCH = ('YEAR', 'QUARTER', 'MONTH')
class Hive(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

    157class Hive(Dialect):
    158    ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
    159    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
    160
    161    # https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-identifier.html#description
    162    RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE = None
    163
    164    TIME_MAPPING = {
    165        "y": "%Y",
    166        "Y": "%Y",
    167        "YYYY": "%Y",
    168        "yyyy": "%Y",
    169        "YY": "%y",
    170        "yy": "%y",
    171        "MMMM": "%B",
    172        "MMM": "%b",
    173        "MM": "%m",
    174        "M": "%-m",
    175        "dd": "%d",
    176        "d": "%-d",
    177        "HH": "%H",
    178        "H": "%-H",
    179        "hh": "%I",
    180        "h": "%-I",
    181        "mm": "%M",
    182        "m": "%-M",
    183        "ss": "%S",
    184        "s": "%-S",
    185        "SSSSSS": "%f",
    186        "a": "%p",
    187        "DD": "%j",
    188        "D": "%-j",
    189        "E": "%a",
    190        "EE": "%a",
    191        "EEE": "%a",
    192        "EEEE": "%A",
    193    }
    194
    195    DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
    196    DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
    197    TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
    198
    199    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    200        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    201        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    202        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    203        ENCODE = "utf-8"
    204
    205        KEYWORDS = {
    206            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    207            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    208            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    209            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    210            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    211            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    212            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    213            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    214            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    215        }
    216
    217        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    218            "L": "BIGINT",
    219            "S": "SMALLINT",
    220            "Y": "TINYINT",
    221            "D": "DOUBLE",
    222            "F": "FLOAT",
    223            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    224        }
    225
    226    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    227        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    228        STRICT_CAST = False
    229
    230        FUNCTIONS = {
    231            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    232            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    233            "COLLECT_LIST": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
    234            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    235                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    236            ),
    237            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    238                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    239                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    240            ),
    241            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    242                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    243                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    244                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    245            ),
    246            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    247                [
    248                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    249                    seq_get(args, 1),
    250                ]
    251            ),
    252            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    253            "FROM_UNIXTIME": format_time_lambda(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    254            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": exp.JSONExtractScalar.from_arg_list,
    255            "LOCATE": locate_to_strposition,
    256            "MAP": parse_var_map,
    257            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    258            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    259            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    260            "COLLECT_SET": exp.SetAgg.from_arg_list,
    261            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    262            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    263            "TO_DATE": format_time_lambda(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "hive"),
    264            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    265            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    266            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True),
    267            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    268        }
    269
    270        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    271            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    272            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    273                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    274            ),
    275        }
    276
    277        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
    278            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
    279            "cluster": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Cluster, TokenType.CLUSTER_BY),
    280            "distribute": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Distribute, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY),
    281            "sort": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Sort, TokenType.SORT_BY),
    282        }
    283
    284        def _parse_types(
    285            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False
    286        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    287            """
    288            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    289            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    290
    291                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    292                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    293                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    294                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    295                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    296
    297                1234
    298                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    299
    300            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    301            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    302
    303            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    304            """
    305            this = super()._parse_types(check_func=check_func, schema=schema)
    306
    307            if this and not schema:
    308                return this.transform(
    309                    lambda node: node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    310                    if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    311                    else node,
    312                    copy=False,
    313                )
    314
    315            return this
    316
    317    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    318        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    319        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    320        TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    321        JOIN_HINTS = False
    322        TABLE_HINTS = False
    323        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    324
    325        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    326            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    327            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    328            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    329            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    330            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    331            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    332        }
    333
    334        TRANSFORMS = {
    335            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    336            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    337            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    338                [
    339                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    340                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    341                    transforms.unnest_to_explode,
    342                ]
    343            ),
    344            exp.Property: _property_sql,
    345            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    346            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    347            exp.ArrayJoin: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    348            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("SIZE"),
    349            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    350            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    351            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    352            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    353            exp.DateStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    354            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    355            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    356            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    357            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    358            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    359            exp.If: if_sql,
    360            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    361            exp.JSONExtract: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    362            exp.JSONExtractScalar: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    363            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    364            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    365            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    366            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    367            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    368            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    369            exp.Create: create_with_partitions_sql,
    370            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    371            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    372            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    373            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    374            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    375            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    376            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    377            exp.SetAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    378            exp.Split: lambda self, e: f"SPLIT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, CONCAT('\\\\Q', {self.sql(e, 'expression')}))",
    379            exp.StrPosition: strposition_to_locate_sql,
    380            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    381            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    382            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    383            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    384            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    385            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    386            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    387            exp.TimeToStr: _time_to_str,
    388            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    389            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    390            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    391            exp.TsOrDsAdd: lambda self, e: f"DATE_ADD({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    392            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    393            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    394            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    395                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, _time_format(self, e)
    396            ),
    397            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    398            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    399            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    400            exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty: lambda self, e: f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    401            exp.SerdeProperties: lambda self, e: self.properties(e, prefix="WITH SERDEPROPERTIES"),
    402            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    403            exp.LastDateOfMonth: rename_func("LAST_DAY"),
    404            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    405        }
    406
    407        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    408            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    409            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    410            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    411            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    412        }
    413
    414        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    415            return self.func(
    416                "COLLECT_LIST",
    417                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    418            )
    419
    420        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    421            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("TBLPROPERTIES"))
    422
    423        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    424            if (
    425                expression.this in (exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR, exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
    426                and not expression.expressions
    427            ):
    428                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    429            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    430                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    431
    432            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    433
    434        def after_having_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]:
    435            return super().after_having_modifiers(expression) + [
    436                self.sql(expression, "distribute"),
    437                self.sql(expression, "sort"),
    438                self.sql(expression, "cluster"),
    439            ]

ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
RESOLVES_IDENTIFIERS_AS_UPPERCASE: Optional[bool] = None
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'y': '%Y', 'Y': '%Y', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'MMM': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'M': '%-m', 'dd': '%d', 'd': '%-d', 'HH': '%H', 'H': '%-H', 'hh': '%I', 'h': '%-I', 'mm': '%M', 'm': '%-M', 'ss': '%S', 's': '%-S', 'SSSSSS': '%f', 'a': '%p', 'DD': '%j', 'D': '%-j', 'E': '%a', 'EE': '%a', 'EEE': '%a', 'EEEE': '%A'}
DATE_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd'"
DATEINT_FORMAT = "'yyyyMMdd'"
TIME_FORMAT = "'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'"
tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.dialects.hive.Hive.Tokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'sqlglot.dialects.hive.Hive.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'sqlglot.dialects.hive.Hive.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'MMMM', '%b': 'MMM', '%m': 'MM', '%-m': 'M', '%d': 'dd', '%-d': 'd', '%H': 'HH', '%-H': 'H', '%I': 'hh', '%-I': 'h', '%M': 'mm', '%-M': 'm', '%S': 'ss', '%-S': 's', '%f': 'SSSSSS', '%p': 'a', '%j': 'DD', '%-j': 'D', '%a': 'EEE', '%A': 'EEEE'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'p': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'a': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}}}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '`'
IDENTIFIER_END = '`'
BIT_START = None
BIT_END = None
HEX_START = None
HEX_END = None
BYTE_START = None
BYTE_END = None
RAW_START = None
RAW_END = None

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect
  INDEX_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
  NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
  NULL_ORDERING
  FORMAT_MAPPING
  get_or_raise
  format_time
  normalize_identifier
  case_sensitive
  can_identify
  quote_identifier
  parse
  parse_into
  generate
  transpile
  tokenize
  tokenizer
  parser
  generator

class Hive.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    199    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    200        QUOTES = ["'", '"']
    201        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
    202        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
    203        ENCODE = "utf-8"
    204
    205        KEYWORDS = {
    206            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    207            "ADD ARCHIVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    208            "ADD ARCHIVES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    209            "ADD FILE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    210            "ADD FILES": TokenType.COMMAND,
    211            "ADD JAR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    212            "ADD JARS": TokenType.COMMAND,
    213            "MSCK REPAIR": TokenType.COMMAND,
    214            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES,
    215        }
    216
    217        NUMERIC_LITERALS = {
    218            "L": "BIGINT",
    219            "S": "SMALLINT",
    220            "Y": "TINYINT",
    221            "D": "DOUBLE",
    222            "F": "FLOAT",
    223            "BD": "DECIMAL",
    224        }

QUOTES = ["'", '"']
IDENTIFIERS = ['`']
STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\']
ENCODE = 'utf-8'
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '/*+': <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'IF': <TokenType.IF: 'IF'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NEXT VALUE FOR': <TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR: 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'ADD ARCHIVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD ARCHIVES': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD FILE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD FILES': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD JAR': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ADD JARS': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'MSCK REPAIR': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'WITH SERDEPROPERTIES': <TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES: 'SERDE_PROPERTIES'>}
NUMERIC_LITERALS = {'L': 'BIGINT', 'S': 'SMALLINT', 'Y': 'TINYINT', 'D': 'DOUBLE', 'F': 'FLOAT', 'BD': 'DECIMAL'}
IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT: bool = True

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  SINGLE_TOKENS
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  COMMENTS
  reset
  tokenize
  peek
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Hive.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    226    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    227        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
    228        STRICT_CAST = False
    229
    230        FUNCTIONS = {
    231            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    232            "BASE64": exp.ToBase64.from_arg_list,
    233            "COLLECT_LIST": exp.ArrayAgg.from_arg_list,
    234            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    235                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY")
    236            ),
    237            "DATEDIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
    238                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    239                expression=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)),
    240            ),
    241            "DATE_SUB": lambda args: exp.TsOrDsAdd(
    242                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    243                expression=exp.Mul(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(-1)),
    244                unit=exp.Literal.string("DAY"),
    245            ),
    246            "DATE_FORMAT": lambda args: format_time_lambda(exp.TimeToStr, "hive")(
    247                [
    248                    exp.TimeStrToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    249                    seq_get(args, 1),
    250                ]
    251            ),
    252            "DAY": lambda args: exp.Day(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 0))),
    253            "FROM_UNIXTIME": format_time_lambda(exp.UnixToStr, "hive", True),
    254            "GET_JSON_OBJECT": exp.JSONExtractScalar.from_arg_list,
    255            "LOCATE": locate_to_strposition,
    256            "MAP": parse_var_map,
    257            "MONTH": lambda args: exp.Month(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    258            "PERCENTILE": exp.Quantile.from_arg_list,
    259            "PERCENTILE_APPROX": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    260            "COLLECT_SET": exp.SetAgg.from_arg_list,
    261            "SIZE": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
    262            "SPLIT": exp.RegexpSplit.from_arg_list,
    263            "TO_DATE": format_time_lambda(exp.TsOrDsToDate, "hive"),
    264            "TO_JSON": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
    265            "UNBASE64": exp.FromBase64.from_arg_list,
    266            "UNIX_TIMESTAMP": format_time_lambda(exp.StrToUnix, "hive", True),
    267            "YEAR": lambda args: exp.Year(this=exp.TsOrDsToDate.from_arg_list(args)),
    268        }
    269
    270        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    271            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    272            "WITH SERDEPROPERTIES": lambda self: exp.SerdeProperties(
    273                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property)
    274            ),
    275        }
    276
    277        QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {
    278            **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS,
    279            "cluster": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Cluster, TokenType.CLUSTER_BY),
    280            "distribute": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Distribute, TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY),
    281            "sort": lambda self: self._parse_sort(exp.Sort, TokenType.SORT_BY),
    282        }
    283
    284        def _parse_types(
    285            self, check_func: bool = False, schema: bool = False
    286        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    287            """
    288            Spark (and most likely Hive) treats casts to CHAR(length) and VARCHAR(length) as casts to
    289            STRING in all contexts except for schema definitions. For example, this is in Spark v3.4.0:
    290
    291                spark-sql (default)> select cast(1234 as varchar(2));
    292                23/06/06 15:51:18 WARN CharVarcharUtils: The Spark cast operator does not support
    293                char/varchar type and simply treats them as string type. Please use string type
    294                directly to avoid confusion. Otherwise, you can set spark.sql.legacy.charVarcharAsString
    295                to true, so that Spark treat them as string type as same as Spark 3.0 and earlier
    296
    297                1234
    298                Time taken: 4.265 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)
    299
    300            This shows that Spark doesn't truncate the value into '12', which is inconsistent with
    301            what other dialects (e.g. postgres) do, so we need to drop the length to transpile correctly.
    302
    303            Reference: https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datatypes.html
    304            """
    305            this = super()._parse_types(check_func=check_func, schema=schema)
    306
    307            if this and not schema:
    308                return this.transform(
    309                    lambda node: node.replace(exp.DataType.build("text"))
    310                    if isinstance(node, exp.DataType) and node.is_type("char", "varchar")
    311                    else node,
    312                    copy=False,
    313                )
    314
    315            return this

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: Determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
STRICT_CAST = False
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Concat'>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConcatWs'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hex'>>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'LAST_DATE_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDateOfMonth'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log'>>, 'LOG10': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log10'>>, 'LOG2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Log2'>>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MAP': <function parse_var_map>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeConcat'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetAgg'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UPPER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function parse_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'YEAR': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function parse_like>, 'BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'COLLECT_LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function format_time_lambda.<locals>._format_time>, 'GET_JSON_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>>, 'LOCATE': <function locate_to_strposition>, 'PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'PERCENTILE_APPROX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'COLLECT_SET': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetAgg'>>, 'SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'TO_DATE': <function format_time_lambda.<locals>._format_time>, 'TO_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'UNBASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP': <function format_time_lambda.<locals>._format_time>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH SERDEPROPERTIES': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>}
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = {'joins': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'laterals': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'match': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'where': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'group': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'having': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'windows': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'order': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'limit': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'offset': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'locks': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'sample': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'cluster': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'distribute': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>, 'sort': <function Hive.Parser.<lambda>>}
ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE: bool = True
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}}
TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'y': '%Y', 'Y': '%Y', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'MMM': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'M': '%-m', 'dd': '%d', 'd': '%-d', 'HH': '%H', 'H': '%-H', 'hh': '%I', 'h': '%-I', 'mm': '%M', 'm': '%-M', 'ss': '%S', 's': '%-S', 'SSSSSS': '%f', 'a': '%p', 'DD': '%j', 'D': '%-j', 'E': '%a', 'EE': '%a', 'EEE': '%a', 'EEEE': '%A'}
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'y': {0: True, 'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'Y': {0: True, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 0: True}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'H': {'H': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'h': {'h': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'm': {'m': {0: True}, 0: True}, 's': {'s': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 0: True}, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True, 'E': {0: True}}}}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ID_VAR_TOKENS
  INTERVAL_VARS
  TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  TIMESTAMPS
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  LAMBDAS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  STATEMENT_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  RANGE_PARSERS
  CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
  ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  FUNCTION_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  SHOW_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  MODIFIABLES
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KINDS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  CONCAT_NULL_OUTPUTS_STRING
  CONVERT_TYPE_FIRST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
  LOG_BASE_FIRST
  INDEX_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
  NULL_ORDERING
  FORMAT_MAPPING
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  errors
  sql

class Hive.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

    317    class Generator(generator.Generator):
    318        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
    319        TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
    320        TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
    321        JOIN_HINTS = False
    322        TABLE_HINTS = False
    323        INDEX_ON = "ON TABLE"
    324
    325        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    326            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    327            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
    328            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
    329            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BINARY",
    330            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
    331            exp.DataType.Type.BIT: "BOOLEAN",
    332        }
    333
    334        TRANSFORMS = {
    335            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    336            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
    337            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    338                [
    339                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
    340                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    341                    transforms.unnest_to_explode,
    342                ]
    343            ),
    344            exp.Property: _property_sql,
    345            exp.ApproxDistinct: approx_count_distinct_sql,
    346            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
    347            exp.ArrayJoin: lambda self, e: self.func("CONCAT_WS", e.expression, e.this),
    348            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("SIZE"),
    349            exp.ArraySort: _array_sort_sql,
    350            exp.With: no_recursive_cte_sql,
    351            exp.DateAdd: _add_date_sql,
    352            exp.DateDiff: _date_diff_sql,
    353            exp.DateStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    354            exp.DateSub: _add_date_sql,
    355            exp.DateToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
    356            exp.DiToDate: lambda self, e: f"TO_DATE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), {Hive.DATEINT_FORMAT})",
    357            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"STORED AS {self.sql(e, 'this') if isinstance(e.this, exp.InputOutputFormat) else e.name.upper()}",
    358            exp.FromBase64: rename_func("UNBASE64"),
    359            exp.If: if_sql,
    360            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
    361            exp.JSONExtract: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    362            exp.JSONExtractScalar: rename_func("GET_JSON_OBJECT"),
    363            exp.JSONFormat: _json_format_sql,
    364            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
    365            exp.Map: var_map_sql,
    366            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    367            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    368            exp.VarMap: var_map_sql,
    369            exp.Create: create_with_partitions_sql,
    370            exp.Quantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE"),
    371            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("PERCENTILE_APPROX"),
    372            exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: self.binary(e, "RLIKE"),
    373            exp.RegexpSplit: rename_func("SPLIT"),
    374            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
    375            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
    376            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
    377            exp.SetAgg: rename_func("COLLECT_SET"),
    378            exp.Split: lambda self, e: f"SPLIT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, CONCAT('\\\\Q', {self.sql(e, 'expression')}))",
    379            exp.StrPosition: strposition_to_locate_sql,
    380            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_date_sql,
    381            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
    382            exp.StrToUnix: _str_to_unix_sql,
    383            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
    384            exp.TimeStrToDate: rename_func("TO_DATE"),
    385            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    386            exp.TimeStrToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    387            exp.TimeToStr: _time_to_str,
    388            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("UNIX_TIMESTAMP"),
    389            exp.ToBase64: rename_func("BASE64"),
    390            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self, e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS STRING), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
    391            exp.TsOrDsAdd: lambda self, e: f"DATE_ADD({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'expression')})",
    392            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _to_date_sql,
    393            exp.TryCast: no_trycast_sql,
    394            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self, e: self.func(
    395                "FROM_UNIXTIME", e.this, _time_format(self, e)
    396            ),
    397            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    398            exp.UnixToTimeStr: rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME"),
    399            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITIONED BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    400            exp.RowFormatSerdeProperty: lambda self, e: f"ROW FORMAT SERDE {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    401            exp.SerdeProperties: lambda self, e: self.properties(e, prefix="WITH SERDEPROPERTIES"),
    402            exp.NumberToStr: rename_func("FORMAT_NUMBER"),
    403            exp.LastDateOfMonth: rename_func("LAST_DAY"),
    404            exp.National: lambda self, e: self.national_sql(e, prefix=""),
    405        }
    406
    407        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    408            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    409            exp.FileFormatProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    410            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    411            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    412        }
    413
    414        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    415            return self.func(
    416                "COLLECT_LIST",
    417                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    418            )
    419
    420        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    421            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("TBLPROPERTIES"))
    422
    423        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    424            if (
    425                expression.this in (exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR, exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
    426                and not expression.expressions
    427            ):
    428                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    429            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    430                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    431
    432            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    433
    434        def after_having_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]:
    435            return super().after_having_modifiers(expression) + [
    436                self.sql(expression, "distribute"),
    437                self.sql(expression, "sort"),
    438                self.sql(expression, "cluster"),
    439            ]

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether or not to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether or not to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: Determines the pad size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent: Determines the indentation size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: Whether or not to normalize all function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Determines whether or not the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

LIMIT_FETCH = 'LIMIT'
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD = False
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
INDEX_ON = 'ON TABLE'
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'STRING', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>: 'BINARY', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.BIT: 'BIT'>: 'BOOLEAN'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function _add_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CheckColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function var_map_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <function _property_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function approx_count_distinct_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayJoin'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>: <function _array_sort_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function no_recursive_cte_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function _date_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function _add_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>: <function _json_format_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function var_map_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function create_with_partitions_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function no_safe_divide_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function strposition_to_locate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function _str_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>: <function _str_to_unix_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function _time_to_str>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function no_trycast_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDateOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.National'>: <function Hive.Generator.<lambda>>}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>}
def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg) -> str: View Source

    414        def arrayagg_sql(self, expression: exp.ArrayAgg) -> str:
    415            return self.func(
    416                "COLLECT_LIST",
    417                expression.this.this if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Order) else expression.this,
    418            )

def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    420        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    421            return self.properties(properties, prefix=self.seg("TBLPROPERTIES"))

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    423        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    424            if (
    425                expression.this in (exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR, exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR)
    426                and not expression.expressions
    427            ):
    428                expression = exp.DataType.build("text")
    429            elif expression.this in exp.DataType.TEMPORAL_TYPES:
    430                expression = exp.DataType.build(expression.this)
    431
    432            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def after_having_modifiers(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression) -> List[str]: View Source

    434        def after_having_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]:
    435            return super().after_having_modifiers(expression) + [
    436                self.sql(expression, "distribute"),
    437                self.sql(expression, "sort"),
    438                self.sql(expression, "cluster"),
    439            ]

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'MMMM', '%b': 'MMM', '%m': 'MM', '%-m': 'M', '%d': 'dd', '%-d': 'd', '%H': 'HH', '%-H': 'H', '%I': 'hh', '%-I': 'h', '%M': 'mm', '%-M': 'm', '%S': 'ss', '%-S': 's', '%f': 'SSSSSS', '%p': 'a', '%j': 'DD', '%-j': 'D', '%a': 'EEE', '%A': 'EEEE'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'p': {0: True}, 'j': {0: True}, 'a': {0: True}, 'A': {0: True}}}
ALIAS_POST_TABLESAMPLE = True
IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT = True
@classmethod
def can_identify(text: str, identify: str | bool = 'safe') -> bool: View Source

    247    @classmethod
    248    def can_identify(cls, text: str, identify: str | bool = "safe") -> bool:
    249        """Checks if text can be identified given an identify option.
    250
    251        Args:
    252            text: The text to check.
    253            identify:
    254                "always" or `True`: Always returns true.
    255                "safe": True if the identifier is case-insensitive.
    256
    257        Returns:
    258            Whether or not the given text can be identified.
    259        """
    260        if identify is True or identify == "always":
    261            return True
    262
    263        if identify == "safe":
    264            return not cls.case_sensitive(text)
    265
    266        return False

Checks if text can be identified given an identify option.

###### Arguments:

- text: The text to check.
- identify: "always" or `True`: Always returns true. "safe": True if the identifier is case-insensitive.

###### Returns:

> Whether or not the given text can be identified.

QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '`'
IDENTIFIER_END = '`'
STRING_ESCAPE = '\\'
IDENTIFIER_ESCAPE = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = None
HEX_END: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
RAW_START: Optional[str] = None
RAW_END: Optional[str] = None

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  EXPLICIT_UNION
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
  SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  STAR_MAPPING
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  TOKEN_MAPPING
  STRUCT_DELIMITER
  PARAMETER_TOKEN
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  INDEX_OFFSET
  UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY
  STRICT_STRING_CONCAT
  NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS
  NULL_ORDERING
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  clone_sql
  describe_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypesize_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  except_sql
  except_op
  fetch_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  intersect_sql
  intersect_op
  introducer_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  table_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  values_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  cluster_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  select_sql
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  union_sql
  union_op
  unnest_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  safeconcat_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  aliases_sql
  attimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  cast_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  renametable_sql
  altertable_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  safedpipe_sql
  div_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  or_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  trycast_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  text_width
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  set_operation
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql